'Almost the Last American Disciple of Pure Olympic Games Amateurism': John J. Garland's Tenure on the International Olympic Committee, 1948-1968 (Biography‪)‬

During John Jewett Garland's two decades of service on the International Olympic Committee (IOC), voices on the European Continent and some grim-faced American Olympic leaders, warned Garland of the "awful dangers" of rapidly growing professionalism among some highly-skilled amateur athletes. J.J. Garland needed no such "warning." (1) J.J. Garland's Adherence to the Concept of Idealized Olympic Amateurism