Risk Indicators and Outcomes Associated with Bullying in Youth Aged 9-15 Years (Quantitative RESEARCH‪)‬

Bullying is a form of aggression in which children are intentionally intimidated, harassed or harmed. The key elements of bullying include aggression, repetition and an imbalance of power between the bully and the victim. (1) Bullying can impact the physical, emotional and social health of a child. One literature review reports that victims of bullying are more likely to report sleep disturbances, abdominal pain, headaches, sadness, low self-esteem, depression, anxiety and suicidal thoughts. (1) A Canadian study reviewing bullying among schoolchildren found that the long-term consequences of being a victim of bullying included mental health problems, criminality, school drop-out and unemployment. (2)