Implementing Organizational Reform Strategies in State Governments (Report‪)‬

INTRODUCTION Since the 1990s, we have witnessed a number of new reform ideas and trends designed to promote effective public management. Major reform trends have included the idea of total quality management (TQM), reinventing government, National Performance Review (NPR), New Public Management (NPM), President Bush's management agenda, the human capital movement, and other research on improving governance (Rainey, 2003). Along with these reform efforts, new managerial ideas have been recommended to improve the profession of public administration. Some of these include issues relating to quality concerns, customer satisfaction, mission-driven and results-oriented government, empowerment and downsizing, strategic planning, performance measurement, networking and partnership approaches. Based on different theories and philosophies, reforms have been developed to change the behavior of public employees, simplify the structure of government agencies, decentralize decision making processes, measure public service outcomes, and develop a new culture of public management.