Innovation in Public Planning

This book contributes to the discourse on planning theory by accentuating the perspective of public innovation. Extending planning theory's traditional two major perspectives - 'Communicate' and 'Calculate' - the book argues that contemporary planning theory should incorporate 'Innovate' as a third perspective. It highlights the multitude of new perspectives that innovative planning can bring to bear on planning theory, as well as showing how the interplay between the three perspectives - 'Communicate', 'Calculate' and 'Innovate' - can help to address vital issues in contemporary societal development. 

Aksel Hagen is Associate Professor at the Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences
Ulla Higdem is Professor at the Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences