"Three Types of Human Capital, With the Same Income Growth? the Influence of Human Capital Variation (HK) on Income Growth for 152 Canadian Agglomerations Between 1981 and 2001/Trois Types de Capital Humain, Une Meme Croissance des Revenus? L'impact des Flux Differencies de Capital Humain Sur la Croissance Economique Pour 152 Agglomerations Canadiennes, Entre 1981 Et 2001‪.‬

Abstract We analyse how human capital variation (HK) influences income growth, notably the local output of HK, the net balance of national migration of graduates and international immigration. The study of 152 Canadian agglomerations between 1981 and 2001 indicates that the consolidated variation of HK is occasionally linked with growth for similar periods but without any significant long-term influence. If local output of HK and international immigration remain associated with large cities and the characteristics of agglomeration economies, only the net balance of national migration of graduates is strongly linked with income growth. The explanatory power of spatial variables remains strong. Increasing local HK, notably by local output, thus appears to be a strategy of limited effectiveness regarding short-term economic development.