On Resistance in Anti-Colonial Marxist Writings/Sur la Resistance des Ecrits Marxistes D'anti Colonial (Report‪)‬

1. INTRODUCTION As suggested by Patrick Williams and Laura Chrisman, with the exception of Frantz Fanon being identified as "the founding father of Third World liberationist discourse," the enabling and inhibiting effect of the success of Said's Orientalism has led to a neglect of a range of earlier anti- colonial writers in the early and mid 20th century such as Edward Wilmot Blyden, Joseph Caseley-Hayford, C. L. R. James, (3) Amilcar Cabral, and others (14-15). (4) In fact, these early anti-colonial writers have made significant contributions to theorizing resistance in contemporary postcolonial studies. Therefore, this essay aims to analyze the anti-colonial writings of four Marxist figures, Aime Cesaire, Leopold Senghor, Amilcar Cabral, and Frantz Fanon, examining their elaboration on ethnic identity and national culture as a base to initiate resistance against colonial and imperial dominations, especially the notion of negritude as a controversial category of politics of identity.