Small Drones, Big Problems: A First Principles Approach to Counter-UAS Joint Interagency Task Force 401

This United States Army manual, Small Drones, Big Problems: A First Principles Approach to Counter-UAS Joint Interagency Task Force 401, is intended to provide a common foundation to shape our collective approach to this challenge. It is not a technical manual or detailed set of rules, like doctrine. Rather, this guide outlines first principles to orient ourselves to meet the new drone threat. It is meant to be read from start to finish and draws on combat experiences and examples from the U.S. homeland to inform drone protection principles.

These principles are important to prevent a drone attack before it occurs or de-fend against one that is underway. They are also not unique to the U.S. military. Drone protection principles apply equally to federal agencies and departments as well as state and local law enforcement across our nation.

This guide is organized into three main sections. First, it explains what drones are and how adversaries might use them. Second, it outlines what it means to protect against drones and how we prepare to do so effectively. Finally, it examines important factors that enable successful counter-drone operations, including the electromagnetic spectrum, the network that controls counter-drone sensors and effectors, and artificial intelligence.

While there is no silver bullet to protect against drones, the threat can be mitigated if we are proactive, work with partners across the government, and build a layered defense. It is imperative to give our warfighters the tools, technologies, and training they need as rapidly as possible to defend the homeland. We have faced novel challenges before, and we should not be intimidated by this one. On the contrary, we should lean in and take every possible step to remain ahead of our adversaries. Together, I’m confident that we will.