Secret Service Reports: Attacks on Federal Government, 2017 Mass Attacks in Public Spaces, Case Studies of Violent Extremist Muhammad, Congressional Shooter Hodgkinson, Giffords Shooter Loughner

Six important Secret Service reports have been professionally converted for accurate flowing-text e-book format reproduction:

Investigating Ideologically Inspired Violent Extremists: Local Partners Are an Asset - A Case Study on Abdulhakim Mujahid Muhammad *Attacks on Federal Government 2001-2013 - Threat Assessment Considerations * Exploring the Effect of Stressors in Threat Assessment Investigations - A Case Study on Bart Allen Ross * The Congressional Shooter: A Behavioral Review of James Hodgkinson * Using a Systems Approach for Threat Assessment Investigations - A Case Study on Jared Lee Loughner * Mass Attacks in Public Spaces 2017 - March 2018 Report

Several of the reports are fascinating and informative threat assessment case studies. The U.S. Secret Service conducts threat assessment investigations on individuals who come to attention for having a threatening or concerning interest in Secret Service protected interests (e.g., the White House, the Inauguration). A routine part of the investigative process is working within local communities to gather additional information that enhances the assessment of the risk these individuals may pose. Federal investigations into ideologically motivated violent extremists, who are at risk for engaging in targeted violence, can also be enhanced by gathering such community-level information from those who have knowledge about these individuals. These efforts involve working with local law enforcement and other public safety partners to learn more about those under investigation, as well as interviewing others who are familiar with these individuals.

Federal agencies often work together to investigate violent extremists at risk for committing acts of targeted violence. These acts of violence are normally carried out in order to influence attitudes and behaviors of a wider audience. Federal investigators are well positioned to gather information from domestic and international sources related to these individuals, and have access to information on weapons, criminal history, and travel history. At times this information and the investigations themselves are classified, thus limiting the dissemination of certain types of data. Federal investigators may also be concerned about compromising ongoing investigations. When possible, however, their investigations can be enhanced with relevant information from local law enforcement partners and individuals familiar with those who are under investigation. The Secret Service threat assessment process offers an example of how federal investigators can gather and utilize community-level information to enhance their investigations.

2017 Mass Attacks in Public Spaces issued March 2018 - Between January and December 2017, 28 incidents of mass attacks, during which three or more persons were harmed, were carried out in public places within the United States (see map for locations). These acts violated the safety of the places we work, learn, shop, relax, and otherwise conduct our day-to-day lives. The resulting loss of 147 lives and injury to nearly 700 others had a devastating impact on our nation as a whole. As the uncertainty they caused continues to ripple through our communities, those charged with ensuring public safety strive to identify methods to prevent these types of attacks.