Chemistry

Introduction to Chemistry is a college-level, introductory textbook that covers the exciting subject of Chemistry, a discipline foundational to many areas of scientific study. Boundless works with subject matter experts to select the best open educational resources available on the web, review the content for quality, and create introductory, college-level textbooks designed to meet the study needs of university students.


This textbook covers:


Introduction to Chemistry -- Overview of Chemistry, Classification of Matter, Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter, Units of Measurement, Measurement Uncertainty, Dimensional Analysis

 

Atoms, Molecules, and Ions -- History of Atomic Structure, Discoveries Leading to Nuclear Atom Model, The Structure of the Atom, The Periodic Table, Types of Chemical Bonds, Chemical Formulas, Naming Compounds, Organic Compounds

 

Mass Relationships and Chemical Equations -- Atomic Mass, Molar Mass, Compound Composition, Experimental Data and Empirical Formulas, Reaction Stoichiometry

 

Aqueous Reactions -- Types of Aqueous Solutions, Precipitation Reactions, Acid-Base Reactions, Oxidation-Reduction Reactions, Solution Concentration

 

Gases -- Properties of Gases, Gas Laws, The Ideal Gas Law, Gas Stoichiometry, Partial Pressure, Kinetic Molecular Theory, Deviation of Gas from Ideal Behavior

 

Thermochemistry -- Energy, Introduction to Thermodynamics, Enthalpy, Calorimetry, Standard Enthalpy of Formation and Reaction, Energy Use and the Environment

 

Introduction to Quantum Theory -- The Nature of Light, Bohr's Theory, Quantum Mechanical Description of the Atomic Orbital, Orbital Shapes

 

Periodic Properties -- The History of the Periodic Table, Electron Configuration, Periodic Trends, Variation in Chemical Properties

 

Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding -- Lewis Dot Symbols and Lewis Structures, The Ionic Bond, The Covalent Bond, Electronegativity, Formal Charge and Resonance, Exceptions to the Octet Rule, Bond Energy and Enthalpy

 

Advanced Concepts of Chemical Bonding -- VESPR Model, Molecular Geometry, Molecular Shape and Polarity, Valence Bond Theory, Molecular Orbital Theory

 

Liquids and Solids -- Kinetic Molecular Theory of Liquids and Solids, Intermolecular Forces, Liquid Properties, Solid Properties, Types of Crystals, Crystals and Band Theory, Amorphous Solids, Phase Changes, Phase Diagrams

 

Solutions -- Properties of Solutions, Concentration Units, Factors Affecting Solubility, Colligative Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions, Colligative Properties of Electrolyte Solutions, Colloids

 

Chemical Kinetics -- Reaction Rates, The Rate Law: Concentration and Time, Activation Energy and Temperature Dependence, Reaction Mechanisms, Catalysis

 

Chemical Equilibrium -- Equilibrium, Writing Equilibrium Constant Expressions, Calculating the Equilibrium Constant, Factors that Affect Chemical Equilibrium

 

Acids and Bases -- Acids and Bases, The pH Scale, Strength of Acids, Strength of Bases, Diprotic and Polyprotic Acids, Acid Strength and Molecular Structure, Acid-Base Properties of Salts, Acid-Base Properties of Oxides, Lewis Acids and Bases

 

Acid-Base Equilibria -- Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous Solution Equilibria, Buffer Solutions, Buffer Effectiveness, Acid-Base Titrations, Solubility Equilibria, Complex Ion Equilibria and Solubility, Qualitative Chemical Analysis

 

Thermodynamics -- The Laws of Thermodynamics, Entropy, Gibbs Free Energy, Free Energy and Chemical Equilibrium

 

Electrochemistry -- Oxidation-Reduction Equations, Electrochemical Cells, Standard Reduction Potentials, Cell Potentials, Batteries, Electrolysis, Corrosion

 

Nuclear Chemistry -- Radioactivity, Nuclear React