Heat Awareness and Response Among Montreal Residents with Chronic Cardiac and Pulmonary Disease (Quantitative Research) (Clinical Report‪)‬

Sustained heat waves have struck both North America and Europe in the recent past. Impacts on human health have been dramatic: in August 2003, an estimated 1,067 Parisians died prematurely during the course of 9 uncharacteristically hot days; (1) an estimated 739 Chicago residents died as a consequence of a 7-day heat wave in 1995. (2) The ill and elderly are among those most vulnerable to the ravages of extreme heat. (3) On very hot days, older individuals (4) and persons with cardiac insufficiency, obstructive pulmonary disease and other chronic health conditions die in above-expected numbers. (5,6)