Humane
How the United States Abandoned Peace and Reinvented War
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- 11,99 €
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- 11,99 €
Publisher Description
"[A] brilliant new book . . . Humane provides a powerful intellectual history of the American way of war. It is a bold departure from decades of historiography dominated by interventionist bromides." —Jackson Lears, The New York Review of Books
A prominent historian exposes the dark side of making war more humane
In the years since 9/11, we have entered an age of endless war. With little debate or discussion, the United States carries out military operations around the globe. It hardly matters who’s president or whether liberals or conservatives operate the levers of power. The United States exercises dominion everywhere.
In Humane: How the United States Abandoned Peace and Reinvented War, Samuel Moyn asks a troubling but urgent question: What if efforts to make war more ethical—to ban torture and limit civilian casualties—have only shored up the military enterprise and made it sturdier? To advance this case, Moyn looks back at a century and a half of passionate arguments about the ethics of using force. In the nineteenth century, the founders of the Red Cross struggled mightily to make war less lethal even as they acknowledged its inevitability. Leo Tolstoy prominently opposed their efforts, reasoning that war needed to be abolished, not reformed—and over the subsequent century, a popular movement to abolish war flourished on both sides of the Atlantic. Eventually, however, reformers shifted their attention from opposing the crime of war to opposing war crimes, with fateful consequences.
The ramifications of this shift became apparent in the post-9/11 era. By that time, the US military had embraced the agenda of humane war, driven both by the availability of precision weaponry and the need to protect its image. The battle shifted from the streets to the courtroom, where the tactics of the war on terror were litigated but its foundational assumptions went without serious challenge. These trends only accelerated during the Obama and Trump presidencies. Even as the two administrations spoke of American power and morality in radically different tones, they ushered in the second decade of the “forever” war.
Humane is the story of how America went off to fight and never came back, and how armed combat was transformed from an imperfect tool for resolving disputes into an integral component of the modern condition. As American wars have become more humane, they have also become endless. This provocative book argues that this development might not represent progress at all.
PUBLISHERS WEEKLY
The effort to make warfare more "civilized" has sapped energy from the peace movement and led to America's "forever wars" in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to this provocative history from Yale law professor Moyn (Not Enough). Highlighting Russian novelist Leo Tolstoy's belief that "making war more humane only allowed it to break out more often or drag on endlessly," Moyn points out that many of the international laws established in the 19th century failed because they "didn't apply or were ignored when it came to counterinsurgent and colonial war." After WWII, the threat of U.S. air power helped to maintain peace in Europe, even as America went to war in Asia. The revelation of the My Lai massacre in Vietnam "added fuel to the fire of America's last major peace movement," while public outrage over the Abu Ghraib prisoner abuse scandal in Iraq only "diverted from deliberating on the deeper choice they were making to ignore constraints on starting war in the first place." Moyn also sheds light on the rise of drone warfare and "targeted killings" during the Obama administration. Unfortunately, he doesn't fully wrestle with the differences between wars of aggression and those of self-defense, which somewhat undermines his case. The result is a stimulating yet inconclusive rethink of what it means to regulate war.