Sperm, Functions, Diseases, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Related Conditions

This book describes Sperm, Functions, Diseases, Diagnosis and Treatment and Related Diseases

My name is Speedy Gonzales, the sperm cell.
They called me Speedy Gonazles because I am always charging in the semen like Speedy Gonzales.
We sperms are the smallest cells in the human body.
One of us is about 55 micrometers long similar in scale to the width of a human hair, which is between 40 to 100 microns.
My body consists of a head 5 µm by 3 µm, a midpiece and a tail 50 µm long.
My head contains the nucleus with DNA and densely coiled chromatin fibers surrounded anteriorly by an acrosome which contains enzymes used for penetrating the female egg.
We sperms have a very strong head good for pushing through the mucus of the cervix and for entering the egg of a woman
Once the ejaculation takes place, we the sperm entered the vagina of the woman, the seminal fluid protecting us from the acid content of the vagina.
All of us had to push our way through the mucus of the cervix.
We then swam through the uterus cavity toward the fallopian tube hoping to fertilize the egg.
I was the first to penetrate the cell membrane of the ovum where our nuclei will combine to form a fertilized egg
I was not called Speedy Gonzales for nothing.
I live on as part of the embryo while other sperms die.

The sperm cell means seed in Greek and the seed for fertilization of an egg is the male reproductive cell of the human body.
There are 2 types of sperm cells:
1. Spermatozoan is a uniflagellar sperm cell that is motile.
2. Spermatid is a non-motile sperm cell.
Sperm cells cannot split and have a restricted life span.
After the sperm combines with egg cells during fertilization, a new embryo starts developing.
The human sperm cell is haploid, so that its 23 chromosomes can combine with the 23 chromosomes of the female egg to form a diploid cell.
The sperm is produced in the testis and is ejaculated through the penis
The normal human sperm cell comprises a head, a mid-piece and a tail.
The head holds the nucleus with densely coiled chromatin fibers, enclosed anteriorly by an acrosome, which has enzymes used for penetrating the female egg.
The mid-piece has a central filamentous center with many mitochondria spiraled around it, used for ATP production for the journey through the uterus.
The tail or flagellum performs the lashing movements that propel the spermatocyte.
During fertilization, the sperm gives 3 essential parts to the ovum:
1.An activating factor which induces the metabolically dormant ovum to activate;
2.The haploid paternal genome;
3.The Centrosome which is accountable for maintaining the microtubule system.
The spermatozoa are created through spermatogenesis inside the male testes.
The early spermatozoon process needs 70-80 days to finish.
The spermatid stage is where the sperm matures and generates the familiar tail.
A fully mature spermatozoan is formed.
Sperm cells are transported out of the male body in a fluid known as semen, that may hold spermatozoa.
It is produced by the gonads and other sexual organs.
In humans seminal fluid has several components other than spermatozoa:
1.Proteolytic and other enzymes and fructose are constituents of seminal fluid which encourage the survival of spermatozoa and offer a medium through which they can move or swim.
2.Semen is produced and begins from the seminal vesicle.
Human sperm cells can stay alive within the female reproductive tract for more than 5 days post coitus.
Semen is formed in the seminal vesicles, prostate gland and urethral glands.
Sperm quantity and quality are the main factors in semen quality which is a measure of the capability of semen to carry out fertilization.

TABLE OF CONTENT
Introduction
Chapter 1 Sperm
Chapter 2 Semen
Chapter 3 Male Orgasm and Ejaculation
Chapter 4 Fertility
Chapter 5 Infertility
Chapter 6 Male Infertility
Chapter 7 Ejaculatory Diseases
Chapter 8 Life and Death of a Sperm
Epilogue