The immigration of German Jews in America in the first half of the 19th century

About three percent of the population in the United States of today are Jews.
Their home is America and they fell and act as Americans. Most of them are
descendants of European emigrants who came to America in the mass migration
in the first half of the 19th century. Today, scarcely anybody thinks about those
days and even worse, many people hardly know anything about it. Well, it was
not a long period of time in which the mass migration took place. It only covers
about fifty years; yet, fifty important years. Those were the years, when the
cornerstone of the Jewish history in America was laid. A history, different to
Jewish histories in other countries. In the United States of America, Jews have
never been discriminated nor persecuted. They had the same chances than every
Gentile in America.
This paper shows how the Jewish immigrants gained a foothold in America
between the early years of the 19th century and the beginning of the Civil War.
Jewish immigrants arrived in America without any money in their pockets. Yet,
they had the hope to find a better life in this ‘golden country’. In the following it
will be discussed how German Jews in America succeeded in business life and
politics, and how they dealt with their religion in a country that did not put up
any restrictions on them. This paper looks more on the general history. Although
a history is always the history of people, it was avoided to tell the history of
single persons because it would exceed the limit of this paper. Yet, sometimes
the life of some people are given as examples.