Turkey in Perspective: Orientation Guide and Turkish Cultural Orientation: Geography, History, Economy, Security, Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Bursa, Kurds, Laz, Alevi, Sufism, Cemevis, Tigris, Euphrates

This is a professionally-formatted, free flowing ebook reproduction of unique, up-to-date guides produced by the Department of Defense that provide comprehensive information about all aspects of life in Turkey, with a special emphasis on geography, history, the economy, society, security and military matters, religion, traditions, urban and rural life, ethnic groups, crime, the environment, government, holidays, gender issues and much more.

CHAPTER 1: PROFILE * Introduction * Area * Climate * Rivers * Major Cities * Istanbul * Ankara * Izmir * Bursa * Adana * History * The Early Ottoman Empire * The Demise of the Ottoman Empire * The Republic of Turkey * Recent Events * Government * The Executive Branch * The Legislative Branch * The Judicial Branch * Media * Print and Broadcast Media * Internet Control * Economy * Agriculture * Industry and Manufacturing * Service Sector * Ethnic Groups * Turks * Kurds * Laz * Chapter 1 Assessment * CHAPTER 2: RELIGION * Introduction * Major Religions * Islam (The Sunnis) * Sufism * The Shi'ites and Alevi * Religion in Government * Religion in Daily Life * Religious Holidays and Celebrations * Places of Worship * Behavior in Places of Worship * Mosques * Cemevis * Chapter 2 Assessment * CHAPTER 3: TRADITIONS * Introduction * Honor and Values * Greetings * Male-Female Relationships * Hospitality and Gift-Giving * Eating Habits and Types of Food * Eating Customs * Turkish Food * Dress Codes * Nonreligious Celebrations (Holidays) * New Year's Day * National Sovereignty and Children's Day * Labor and Solidarity Day * Ataturk, Youth and Sports Day * Victory Day * Republic Day * Dos and Don'ts * Chapter 3 Assessment * CHAPTER 4: URBAN LIFE * Introduction * Urbanization Issues * Work Problems in Urban Areas * Education and Schools * Health Issues * Healthcare and Hospitals * Pharmacies * Transportation * Buses and Trams * Dolmus * Taxis * Trains * Ferries * Cars * Air * Restaurants * The Marketplace * Markets and Shopping * Money and Bargaining * Street Crime and Safety * Street Vendors and Beggars * Street Vendors * Beggars * Chapter 4 Assessment * CHAPTER 5: RURAL LIFE * Introduction * Land Distribution and Ownership * Rural Economy * Rural Transportation * Cars * Buses * Health Issues * Education * Village Life * Community Leaders and Law Enforcement * Checkpoints * Landmines * Chapter 5 Assessment * CHAPTER 6: FAMILY LIFE * Introduction * Typical Household * Male-Female Interactions in the Family * Status of the Elderly * Social Customs * Marriage * Children * Naming Conventions * Divorce * Funerals * CHAPTER 1: GEOGRAPHY * Introduction * Geographical Divisions * Black Sea Region * Aegean Region * Mediterranean Region * Central Region * Anatolian Plateau * The Eastern Highlands (Anti-Taurus Mountains) * Arabian Platform * Climate * Bodies of Water * Lake Van (Van Golii) * Lake Tuz (Tuz Golii) * Lake Beysehir * Euphrates River (Firat Nehri) * Tigris River (Dicle) * Kizil River (Kizil Irmak) * Others * Major Cities * Istanbul * Ankara * Izmir * Bursa * Adana * Environmental Concerns * Natural Hazards * CHAPTER 1 ASSESSMENT * CHAPTER 2: HISTORY * Introduction * Origins of the Turkish People * The Seljuk State * The Ottoman Era * Founding of the Empire * An Empire in Decline * Nationalism and World War I * The Founding of the Turkish Republic * Post-Ataturk Governance * The Country in Crisis * The Reemergence of Islam in Politics * Recent Developments * CHAPTER 2 ASSESSMENT * CHAPTER 3: ECONOMY * Introduction * Agriculture * Industry and Manufacturing * Natural Resources * Energy * Pipelines * Free Trade * Foreign Investment * Banking * Tourism * Standard of Living * Outlook * CHAPTER 3 ASSESSMENT * CHAPTER 4: SOCIETY * Introduction * Ethnic Groups * Kurds * Laz * Hemsin * Armenians * Religion * Islam * The Shi'ite and the Alevis * Cuisine * Traditional Dress * Gender Issues * Music * Literature * Dance * Whirling Dervishes * Oriental Dance * Turkish Belly Dance