Defense Engagement since 1900

There is more to defense than military might and more to the military than a fighting force. At a moment of global upheaval, domestic turmoil, and political uncertainty, this timely volume seeks to define and reframe the terms of defense engagement—the use of military capabilities to exert soft power (influence) as opposed to hard power (military force). Defense Engagement since 1900 is a work of applied military history that brings lessons of the past to bear on current issues. In a number of case studies spanning the twentieth century and the globe, the authors explore various dimensions of defense engagement. Their work, which attempts to recast the role of a state’s military from wielder of force to employer of power, is squarely aimed at tackling the causes of designated security threats and not merely managing their consequences.

The chapters, by scholars and practitioners representing diverse points of view, focus primarily on the British experience—perhaps the most extensive example of the use of military power in a nonmartial fashion in pursuit of policy goals. However, the chapters also consider events in the United States, Canada, Japan, the Middle East, and Africa. Intelligence, diplomacy, deterrence, alliances, coalitions, and networks: all are within the authors’ scope as they address the need to use a wide range of attributes and capabilities associated with military power in various contemporary conflicts and national security strategies. The understanding their work provides will prove critically important to strategic thinkers of our day, as democratic states increasingly contend with hybrid, subthreshold, and Gray Zone warfare.

Table of Contents:

Introduction, Greg Kennedy

1. The Development of the Rose of the Military Attaché, 1900-1919, Tim Hadley

2. Strategic Influence, the Royal Navy, and the Appeasement of Japan, 1934-1937, Greg Kennedy

3. Attachés in Albion: Building the Anglo-American Military Alliance, 1938-1941, Tyler Bamford

4. Military Attaché, Accidental Agent: Colonel Bonner Fellers’s Defense-Engagement Mission in Cairo, 1940-1942, C. J. Jenner

5. “A Word Here and a Phrase There”: Major General Maurice A. Pope and the Canadian Joint Staff Mission, Washington, 1942-1944, Douglas E. Delaney

6. Japanese Military Attachés during the second World War: Major General Makoto Onodera as a Spymaster, Ken Kotani

7. British Defense Engagement and Defense Advisers in Kenya after Independence, Poppy Cullen

8. Nurturing a “Delicate Flower”: British Military Attachés in Cairo and Defense Engagement in Egype, 1968-1973, Geraint Hughes

9. The Use of British Seconded and Contracted Military Personnel to Advance Britain’s Interests: A Case Study from the United Arab Emirates from 1965 to 2010, Athol Yates

10. The Nature, Character, and Viability of Modern UK Defense-Engagement Policy, Col. O. C. C. Brown and Group Captain P. D. Kennett

Notes on Contributors

Index