All Set

Interactive widgets are included as well as links to bonus Numbers documents that provide additional interactivity.  These files contain ‘movable’ pennies and tiles.   Numerous math tables are available for data entry. 


Is 2x3 the same as 3x2?  What is the difference between the two mathematical expressions? Knowing that difference is the cornerstone required for understanding the process of multiplication.  The objective of this book is to develop the concept of factors, as simply as possible, and serve as the cornerstone for further instruction.


Pennies are utilized to show sets, or groups, and their related number sentences.  Set has reference to a collection of things that belong together and should not be confused with a mathematical set that satisfies certain conditions.  


As sets are examined, thoughts  about properties of numbers begin to appear, intuitively.  Both the property of one and the commutative property of multiplication become apparent, without formally introducing the terms at this introductory stage.


The topic is suitable for most elementary level students beyond grade 3. It can be used for remediation with persons of any age when need arises for strengthening perception of the concept.   An understanding of English is helpful.