Potential of Molecular Markers in Plant Biotechnology (Report‪)‬

Introduction In current scenario, the DNA markers become the marker of choice for the study of crop genetic diversity has become routine, to revolutionized the plant biotechnology. Increasingly, techniques are being developed to more precisely, quickly and cheaply assess genetic variation. In this reviews basic qualities of molecular markers, their characteristics, the advantages and disadvantages of their applications, and analytical techniques, and provides some examples of their use. There is no single molecular approach for many of the problems facing gene bank managers, and many techniques complement each other. However, some techniques are clearly more appropriate than others for some specific applications like wise crop diversity and taxonomy studies. Our goal is to update DNA marker based techniques from this review, to conclude DNA markers and their application and provide base platform information to the researchers working in the area to be more efficiently expertise. Due to the rapid developments in the field of molecular genetics, varieties of different techniques have emerged to analyze genetic variation during the last few decayed. These genetic markers may differ with respect to important features, such as genomic abundance, level of polymorphism detected, locus specificity, reproducibility, technical requirements and financial investment. No marker is superior to all others for a wide range of applications. The most appropriate genetic marker has depend on the specific application, the presumed level of polymorphism, the presence of sufficient technical facilities and know-how, time constraints and financial limitations. The classification main marker technologies that have been widely applied during the last decades are summarized in Table-1.