Boss of Black Brooklyn

The untold story about the struggles and achievements of the first Black person to hold public office in Brooklyn, New York.

Bertram L. Baker immigrated to the United States from the Caribbean island of Nevis in 1915. Three decades later, he was elected to the New York state legislature, representing the Bedford Stuyvesant section. A pioneer and a giant, Baker has a story that is finally revealed in intimate and honest detail by his grandson Ron Howell.

Boss of Black Brooklyn begins with the tale of Baker’s rise to prominence in a fascinating era of Black American history, a time when thousands of West Indian families began leaving their native islands in the Caribbean and settling in New York City. In 1948, Bert Baker was elected to the New York state assembly, representing the growing central Brooklyn neighborhood of Bedford Stuyvesant. Baker loved telling his fellow legislators that only one other Nevisian had ever served in the state assembly. That was Alexander Hamilton, the founding father. Making his own mark on modern history, Baker pushed through one of the nation’s first bills outlawing discrimination in the sale or rental of housing. Also, for thirty years, from 1936 to 1966, he led the all-Black American Tennis Association, as its executive secretary. In that capacity he successfully negotiated with white tennis administrators, getting them to accept Althea Gibson into their competitions. Gibson then made history as the first black champion of professional tennis.

Baker represents a remarkable turning point in the evolution of modern New York City. In the 1940s, when he won his seat in the New York state assembly, Blacks made up only four percent of the population of Brooklyn. Today they make up a third of the population, and there are scores of Black elected officials. Yet Brooklyn, often called the capital of the Black Diaspora, is a capital under siege. Developers and realtors seeking to gentrify the borough are all but conspiring to push Blacks out of the city. Boss of Black Brooklyn not only explores Black politics and Black organizations but also penetrates Baker’s inner life and reveals themes that resonate today: Black fatherhood, relations between Black men and black women, faithfulness to place and ancestry. Bertram L. Baker’s story has receded into the shadows of time, but Boss of Black Brooklyn recaptures it and inspires us to learn from it.

Praise for Boss of Black Brooklyn

“[A] valuable addition to New York history . . . . This shines a necessary light on an all-but-forgotten black politician from the pre–civil rights era.” —Publishers Weekly

“A potent reminder that history isn’t very old . . . What makes this biography all the more powerful is that as Baker’s grandson, the author Ron Howell . . . offers a personal prism on a transplanted West Indian family and political ascension.” —The New York Times