Turbulence in Coastal and Civil Engineering

This book discusses the subject of turbulence encountered in coastal and civil engineering. The primary aim of the book is to describe turbulence processes including transition to turbulence; mean and fluctuating flows in channels/pipes, and in currents; wave boundary layers (including boundary layers under solitary waves); streaming processes in wave boundary layers; turbulence processes in breaking waves including solitary breaking waves; turbulence processes such as bursting process and their implications for sediment transport; flow resistance in steady and wave boundary layers; and turbulent diffusion and dispersion processes in the coastal and river environment, including sediment transport due to diffusion/dispersion. Both phenomenological and statistical theories are described in great detail. Turbulence modelling is also described, and several examples for modelling of turbulence in steady flow and wave boundary layers are presented. The book ends with a chapter containing hands-on exercises on a wide variety of turbulent flows including experimental study of turbulence in an open-channel flow, using Laser Doppler Anemometry; Statistical, correlation and spectral analysis of turbulent air jet flow; Turbulence modelling of wave boundary layer flows; and numerical modelling of dispersion in a turbulent boundary layer, a set of exercises used by the authors in their Masters classes over many years. Although the book is essentially intended for professionals and researchers in the area of Coastal and Civil Engineering, and as a text book for graduate/post graduate students, the contents of the book will, however, additionally provide sufficient background in the study of turbulent flows relevant to many other disciplines, such as Wind Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering.Contents: Introduction and the Origin of Turbulence Basic Equations for Turbulent Fows Steady Turbulent Boundary Layer Flows Statistical, Correlation and Spectral Analysis Wave Boundary Layers Streaming in Wave Boundary Layers Flow and Turbulence in Breaking Waves Diffusion and Dispersion Mathematical Modelling of Turbulence Hands-on Exercises Readership: Graduate students and professionals in coastal and ocean engineering, focusing on turbulence.Turbulent Flows;Turbulence Modeling;Turbulence Measurements;Boundary Layers;Wave Boundary Layers;Turbulent Diffusion;Turbulent Dispersion;Sediment Transport;Turbulent Structures;Laminar-to-Turbulent Transition;Statistical Theory of Turbulence;Correlation and Spectrum Analysis;Turbulence in Breaking Waves;Flow Resistance0Key Features: No book is yet available on turbulence in coastal and civil engineering, except very limited coverage of the subject in the books Sea Bed Mechanics (1984) by J F A Sleath; Mechanics of Coastal Sediment Transport (1992) by J Fredsøe and R Deigaard; and Coastal Bottom Boundary Layers and Sediment Transport (1992) by P Nielsen, although the main focus of these latter books was not turbulence but rather sediment transport Much progress has taken place in the past two decades, particularly in the measurements of turbulence in waves and currents, as well as in the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations of turbulent flows in these environments. As a result, quite a substantial knowledge has accumulated on the subject. The authors have been actively involved in the development of this new research. The topic is taught as a Master's course at the Technical University of Denmark since mid-eighties. The success of the course including the lecture notes prepared in association with the course encouraged the authors to turn the lecture material into this book The principal aim of the book is to describe in detail turbulent flow processes in coastal and civil engineering. With a clear understanding of the fundamental processes, it is easier for a consulting engineer to assess complex problems involving turbulent flows in coastal and civil engineering, in...