Health Risk Assessment After Exposure to Aluminium in Drinking Water Between Two Different Villages (Report‪)‬

1. Introduction Water is of major importance to all living things, in some organisms, up to 90% of their body weight comes from water and up to 60% of the human body is water [1]. Malaysia has an abundant water resources and adequate rainfall and yet this nation has water shortages and water quality problem [2,27]. A national monitoring network was established in 1978 by the Department of Environment to monitor river quality and detect changes in water quality as a result of development [2]. A study by Calderon in year 2000 has identified a number of chemical contaminants in drinking water and one of those contaminants is aluminium [3]. According to Malaysia Drinking Water Quality 2009, the permissible level of aluminium in drinking water must not exceed 0.2 mg/L [4]. Based on the Report of Study on Water Supply System 2005 that was done on two water treatment plants (WTPs) in Batu Pahat (Parit Raja IV WTP and Sri Gading WTP), there have been violations of water quality standard for aluminium levels [5]. There were 8 sampling stations from the Parit Raja IV WTP that showed violation of aluminium standard along the reticulation system with the highest value of 8.00 mg/L [5].