Psychological Types

C.G. Jung’s Psychological Types (1921) is a foundational work in analytical psychology, introducing his influential theory of personality typology. Jung sought to explain the differences in how individuals perceive the world, process information, and make decisions. At the heart of the book is the distinction between two fundamental attitudes: introversion and extraversion. Introverts are oriented toward their inner world of thoughts and reflections, while extraverts are directed outward toward people, activities, and external objects.

Jung further identifies four primary psychological functions: thinking, feeling, sensation, and intuition. Each person relies on one dominant function, supported by auxiliary ones, shaping their approach to life and relationships. The interplay between attitude (introversion or extraversion) and dominant function forms the basis of Jung’s typology.

Beyond classification, Jung explores the historical, philosophical, and cultural roots of these types, examining how they influence art, religion, and social dynamics. The book is not only a framework for understanding personality but also a guide to achieving psychological balance through recognizing and integrating one’s less-developed functions. Psychological Types remains a cornerstone for modern personality theories, including the later Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.