George W. Bush's and Barack H. Obama’s Foreign Policies toward Ghana

This book is the first of its kind to systematically compare the policies of George W. Bush and Barack H. Obama towards Ghana, with a focus on economic aid, military aid, and immigration. In order to do so, the following major research questions are probed: Are there significant differences between George W. Bush and Barack H. Obama’s economic aid policies towards Ghana? Are there significant differences between George W. Bush and Barack H. Obama’s military aid policies towards Ghana? Are there significant differences between George W. Bush and Barack H. Obama’s immigration policies towards Ghana? The corollary question that undergirds all of these questions is as follows: If there are significant differences between the two Presidents’ policies towards Ghana in the areas of economic aid, military aid, and immigration, what factors (economic, political, and cultural) influenced them? These questions in turn led to the delineation of the following hypotheses for empirical testing: there are significant differences between George W. Bush and Barack H. Obama’s economic aid policies towards Ghana; there are significant differences between George W. Bush and Barack H. Obama’s military aid policies towards Ghana; and there are significant differences between George W. Bush and Barack H. Obama’s immigration policies towards Ghana. To test these hypotheses, a one-group posttest only design is employed in order to integrate the various components of the study, and both primary and secondary data were collected by using the document analysis or archival research technique and then systematically analyzed. Furthermore, development theories and case-oriented comparative methodology are employed to ground the research. Thus, in addition to being the first such research on the topic, the book is also significant in terms of its epistemological contributions to diplomatic praxes, the literature on United States foreign policy, and development theories.