Amino Acids

Proteins are one of the most versatile biological macromolecules.  All aspects of cellular function depend on proteins.  Proteins act as catalysts that increase the rate of biological reactions, help transport and store molecules, function to protect against disease, mediate intra- and inter-cellular communication, facilitate movement, and provide structural support.  Proteins have intricate three-dimensional structures that allow them to carry out their designated functions.  Proteins are polymers of amino acids and each protein’s three dimensional structure and function is a product of the unique sequence of amino acids, and the physical and chemical properties of the amino acid side chains.  Here you will explore the structure and chemistry of the 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins.