Edging Women Out
Victorian Novelists, Publishers and Social Change
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- $57.99
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- $57.99
Publisher Description
Before about 1840, there was little prestige attached to the writing of novels, and most English novelists were women. By the turn of the twentieth century, "men of letters" acclaimed novels as a form of great literature, and most critically successful novelists were men. In the book, sociologist Gaye Tuchman examines how men succeeded in redefining a form of culture and in invading a white-collar occupation previously practiced mostly by women.
Tuchman documents how men gradually supplanted women as novelists once novel-writing was perceived as potentially profitable, in part because of changes in the system of publishing and rewarding authors. Drawing on unusual data ranging from the archives of Macmillan and company (London) to an analysis of the lives and accomplishments of authors listed in the Dictionary of National Biography, she shows that rising literacy and the centralization of the publishing industry in London after 1840 increased literary opportunities and fostered men’s success as novelists. Men redefined the nature of a good novel and applied a double standard in critically evaluating literary works by men and by women. They also received better contracts than women for novels of equivalent quality and sales. They were able to accomplish this, says Tuchman, because they were to a large extent the culture brokers – the publishers, publishers’ readers, and reviewers of an elite art form.
Both a sociological study of occupational gender transformation and a historical study of writing and publishing, this book will be a rich resource for students of the sociology of culture, literary criticism, and women’s studies.
PUBLISHERS WEEKLY
Before 1840, most English novelists were women, and the writing of novels generally conferred a lowly status. But by 1900, ``men of letters'' hailed the novel as a great art form, and the majority of successful novelists were men. How male writers invaded and took over this white-collar occupation is the phenomenon investigated in this bombshell of a book, a delightful synthesis that cuts across women's studies, sociology and literary history. Sociologist Tuchman of Queens College in N.Y., and City University of New York, aided by her research assistant Fortin, now deceased, portrays Victorian publishers and editors as culture brokers protecting their own class interests by relegating women writers to ``popular'' fictional entertainments with broad appeal, while male ``high-culture'' novelists took the high road of ideas and purposive action. Victorian critics reinforced these notions with a double standard: women, they claimed, had a natural bent for artless writing and sharp-eyed observation of the social scene, while fiction by men was said to be more philosophic, original, self-reflective and difficult. As a result, English women novelists in the late 19th century were writing more and moreyet rewarded less and less.
