Reticence in Chinese EFL Students at Varied Proficiency Levels‪.‬

Introduction Although not extensively researched, reticence has been receiving increasing attention in recent decades due to the growing importance of oral proficiency in second- and foreign-language learning situations (Chen, 2003; Flowerdew, Miller, & Li, 2000; Jackson, 1999, 2001; MacIntyre, Baker, Clement, & Conrod, 2001; Tsui, 1996; Zou, 2004). By way of interviews, observations and/or journals, and surveys, research has revealed that second/foreign-language learners, especially Asian learners, often seem passive and reticent in language classrooms. Some rarely respond to their teachers or actively participate in discussions. What accounts for this phenomenon? What can be done to help students take a more active role?