Shakespeare's "Macbeth" - Analysis of the influence of evil on the mainprotagonist Macbeth

In this paper I am going to analyse the influence of evil on the mainprotagonist of
Shakespeare’s tragedy “Macbeth”. In order to do this it is necessary to point out the
way of analysis I prefer. First I will present some needed background information about
the author himself and the Elizabethan World Picture. The next part introduces the
reader to the play “Macbeth” and its actions. This is in order to lead over to the proper
analysis where I will try to identify the play’s spirit of evil with its personifications in
nature and other protagonists and special regard to its influence on Macbeth until he is
finally destroyed by it. This analysis will be supported by further focus on the imagery
and the language which Shakespeare has used. To understand and to be able to interpret Shakespeare it is necessary to know some
important facts about the way of life and thoughts at Shakespeare’s lifetime.
The Elizabethan Era was characterised by hierarchy and thoughts of extreme order.
People thought that everything in the universe had got its own specific position in their
strict order. You can find this world of ideas in the assemblage of the universe as well.
This cosmological constellation hasn’t told only about the order and the position of the
human being in this cosmos but also about the relations of the interconnected creation
and the relation between cosmos and God (cf. picture 1 on p. 15)
The ideas of this world picture can already be found in the antiquity but it was improved
in all its details by the scholastic philosophy.
In this chapter of my paper I am going to introduce you to one of the three main forms
of the Elizabethan World Pictures: the chain of being.
The whole universe is divided into a ladder. At its ground there are the non-living
elements and at its top there is God. At first you can find the elements, liquids, metals,
then vegetation and the animals. The human beings stand over the animals because
of their reason. The angels follow the human beings as non-materialistic and spiritual
creatures. God is at the top as the creator of this chain. [...]