Explicitation of Implicit Logical Links in Persian-English Translation (Report‪)‬

1. Introduction Explicitation is a translation feature which has received a lot of attention in studies of translation. It seems to have been first introduced by Vinay and Darbelnet (1958) who defined it as "the method of introducing into the TL clarifications/details which are implicit in the SL, but which become clear from the context or the situation" (p.9, translated from French by Dimitrova, 2005, p.34). One specific type of explicitation which has been observed in several studies is the explicitation related to the shifts of cohesion through translation. The first systematic study in this regard is associated with BlumKulka's (1986) work. Blum-Kulka takes a discoursal and communicative approach to the study of translation and argues that the process of translation necessarily entails shifts both in textual and discoursal relationships. She points out that these shifts occur on two levels, i.e. cohesion and coherence. On the level of cohesion, shifts in types of cohesive markers used in translation seem to affect translations in terms of level of explicitness and text meaning. Shifts in the levels of explicitness are partly related to grammatical differences between languages and differences in stylistic preferences for types of cohesive markers and partly related to the process of translation. Based on the latter part, i.e. the process of translation, Blum-Kulka formulates "the explicitation hypothesis," which postulates "an observed cohesive explicitness from ST to TT regardless of the increase traceable to differences between the two linguistic and textual systems involved" (p.300).