Dred Scott, Plaintiff in Error v. John F. A. Sandford

In the year 1834, the plaintiff was a negro slave belonging to Dr. Emerson, who was a surgeon in the army of the United States.
In that year, 1834, said Dr. Emerson took the plaintiff from the State of Missouri to the military post at Rock Island, in
the State of Illinois, and held him there as a slave until the month of April or May, 1836.